Name: Medium-Grade Phosphate Rock
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Medium-Grade Phosphate Rock

brief introduction

P₂O₅ content: Usually between 24% and 30%
Characteristics: Contains a certain amount of impurities, and usually requires beneficiation (such as flotation, scrubbing, etc.) to meet the industrial usage standards.
Usage: After beneficiation, it can be used for the production of common superphosphate (SSP), calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and other mid-to-low-end phosphate fertilizers. It can also be used as a blending raw material for high-grade ores.

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product information

Typical Chemical Specifications (Run-of-Mine Ore)

Component	Typical Range (Run-of-Mine)	Significance & Impact
P₂O₅	24% - 30%	The primary grade indicator. Defines the ore's core value.
CaO	35% - 45%	A primary constituent. The CaO/P₂O₅ mass ratio is key for acid consumption.
MgO	1.0% - 4.0%	The most critical harmful impurity. Increases acid viscosity, creates sludges, and severely disrupts wet-process phosphoric acid production.
Fe₂O₃	1.5% - 3.5%	Forms colloidal precipitates with Al₂O₃, causing filtration issues and affecting product color.
Al₂O₃	1.0% - 3.0%	Harmful impurity, often considered together with Fe₂O₃ as R₂O₃.
SiO₂	10% - 25%	Common gangue mineral. Content depends on the deposit type (e.g., siliceous vs. calcareous).
F	2.0% - 3.5%	An inherent companion element, recovered and managed to prevent environmental pollution.
LOI (Loss on Ignition)	3.0% - 8.0%	Indicates the content of volatile materials like organics and carbonates.

Beneficiation: The Path to a Usable Product

Target Specifications for Phosphate Concentrate (Post-Beneficiation):

Parameter	Target Specification (Concentrate)
P₂O₅	≥ 30% (Often targeted at 32%-35% or higher)
MgO	≤ 1.0% (High-quality concentrate requires ≤ 0.8%)
R₂O₃ (Fe₂O₃+Al₂O₃)	≤ 3.0%
Cd (Heavy Metals)	As low as possible, often ≤ 20-60 mg/kg P₂O₅ for environmental compliance
Particle Size	-200 mesh (-0.074mm) ≥ 80% (To ensure sufficient reaction surface area)
Moisture	≤ 10%

Primary Uses and Applications

Once beneficiated, the phosphate concentrate can be used for the same applications as high-grade rock:

Fertilizer Production: The primary use. It is a key raw material for:
- Di-ammonium Phosphate (DAP) and Mono-ammonium Phosphate (MAP)
- Triple Superphosphate (TSP)
Wet-Process Phosphoric Acid: The beneficiated concentrate is a standard feed material for acid production, which is then used to make fertilizers and industrial phosphate salts.
Elemental Phosphorus Production: Can be used in electric arc furnaces, though it requires specific sizing (lump ore) and often a particular silica content.

Limited Direct Uses (Without Beneficiation):

Blending: Mixed with high-grade rock to reduce overall raw material cost.
Calcium Magnesium Phosphate Fertilizer: Directly used in this specific fertilizer process, which is more tolerant of impurities.
Direct Soil Application: Applied directly to acidic soils as a slow-release amendment, but this is inefficient and uncommon.

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